Both the 40V (36V nominal), 2.5 amp hour Black & Decker battery and its 20V (18V nominal), 5.0 amp hour cousin have a total of 90 watt-hours. Now coming back to the idea of total watt-hours… No matter how you wire the battery cells together the number of cells determines the watt-hours of the pack.
#Amp v watt series
Now you have a 40V max, 2.5 amp hour battery by only changing the configuration to 10S (10 series).ġ0 total cells arranged in 2 rows of 5 cells in series = 20V Max 5Ah battery packġ0 total cells arranged in 1 continuous row of 10 cells in series = 40V Max 2.5Ah battery pack Take that 20V max, 5.0 amp hour battery in a 5S2P configuration (5 series, 2 parallel = 10 total cells arranged as 2 sets of 5) and make them all work in series. In a recent best lawn mower article, we noted that it looked like Black & Decker and Craftsman were basically using repurposed 20V max batteries. In theory, we could add another set to get 6.0 amp-hours at 18V. We’ve kept the voltage at 18, but doubled the amp hours to 4.0. Then, parallel another set wired the same way to it. First, you take 5 cells wired in a series to get the 18V you need. What happens in high-capacity batteries is a combination of series and parallel wiring. Now they’re producing just 3.6 volts, but 6.0 amp hours. Since they’re in a series, we get 10.8 volts (or 12V when fully charged), but still just the 2.0 amp hours.Ī different electronic device takes the same three cells but wires them in parallel. Three 18650 lithium-ion cells are attached in series.Įach cell carries 3.6 volts and 2.0 amp hours. Here’s an example from a typical 12V battery. When it’s time to increase the amp hours, you string your cells together in parallel. In a series, it’s the voltage that gets combined, not the amp hours. When you string those cells together in series, they still only produce a combined 2.0 amp hours. So how do we get those numbers? Most lithium-ion battery cells are running somewhere around 2000 milliamp hours, or 2.0 amp hours. You can also draw fewer amps and run longer. Jon Bucklew did an outstanding demonstration of this with the Makita 18V LXT Brushless Angle Grinder. You can draw a higher amperage from a battery and get less run time. Unlike voltage, this is not a fixed figure. A 5.0 amp hour battery will give you 5 amps for an hour. All other factors ignored (like temperature and vibration), a 3.0 amp hour battery will give you 3 amps of current for an hour. Amp Hours: Wiring to Increase Amp HoursĪ simple definition of amp hours would be the amount of amperage that the battery pack can deliver for one hour. Fortunately, the tool industry has settled into 12V, 18V/20V, and 36V platforms for tools while other combinations are out there for outdoor power equipment. In theory, you could do a 12V, 16V, 20V, 24V and so on. You’ll increase by roughly 4V for each new one you add. If you want more power, simply add another cell in series to the battery. For now, let’s focus on the voltage as power. I’ll explain those anomalies in a later article. Even with that, the math doesn’t work out perfectly.
#Amp v watt full
That 3.6V cell actually produces a little more than 4V at a full charge state. They can produce a higher voltage at a full charge state than low. The voltage varies slightly within the cells based on the amount of charge that they hold. If you’re doing the math along with me, you already know that there’s an issue. Need a 12V battery? String 3 of them together in a series. Each battery is capable of delivering a specific amount of voltage, typically 3.6 volts in the 18650 lithium-ion cells that are used. If you were to take apart your battery (please don’t do that!) you would find the individual battery cells that store and deliver power to the tool. Voltage vs Amp Hours: Wiring to Increase Voltage Basically, the larger the fuel tank (watt-hours), the higher the energy potential you have – it’s just a matter of how you use it. If you look on the label for most batteries, it will tell you the total watt-hours of its capacity. These two measurements are born of the actual battery capacity-a term known as watt-hours. Most people boil cordless tool numbers down to the idea that voltage is equivalent to power and amp hours are equivalent to run time. This is great when there’s a virtually infinite power supply. With corded tools, we often describe the amount of power based on the number of amps that it draws. amp hours is one of the most basic questions asked of cordless tools.
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